Design - a separate discipline Overview of the design process Sizing from a conceptual sketch Airfoil and geometry selection Thrust to weight ratio and wing loading Initial sizing Configuration layout and loft Special considerations in configuration layout Crew station, passengers, and payload Propulsion and fuel system integration Landing gear and subsystems Aerodynamics Propulsion, structures and loads, weights Stability, control, and handing qualities Performance and flight mechanics Cost analysis Sizing and trade studies VTOL aircraft design Conceptual design examples